Detection of Finger Print
Fingerprint is the unique identity associated with different people. It is the pattern, or impression of the friction ridges, or the raised portion of the epidermis on the palm skin of all part of the finger.
Fingerprints are the little ridges on the end of your fingers and thumb. They are arranged in a pattern of spirals and loops. Nature evolved these to help us grip and hold on to things. The texture prevents things from slipping and sliding as would naturally happen if our skin were smooth, and especially if our hands are wet or sweaty.
In the early 1900s, people began to realize that fingerprints were unique — no two people have exactly the same pattern. Fingerprint patterns are inherited but are never exactly identical. Even in cases of identical twins, the patterns will vary slightly.
Sir Francis Galton was the first to use this knowledge in solving criminal cases at Scotland Yard in England. In 1900 he introduced the technique of comparing prints at found at a crime scene with those of a suspect. He based much of his work on the observations of Sir Edmund Henry and, together, their approach was called the Galton-Henry System. In 1904, Juan Vucetich, working for a police department in Argentina, published a paper titled, Comparative Fingerprints. His techique is still widely used in Spanish speaking countries.
All of these systems are basically similar. Edmund Henry recognized that fingerprints could be described as having patterns of loops, arches or whirls. These shapes and contours were later developed to eight basic patterns, which are still used today also.